Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham PDF Download
If you are looking for a comprehensive and easy-to-understand textbook on strength of materials, you might want to check out Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham. This book is one of the most popular and widely used books on the subject, especially among undergraduate engineering students in India. In this article, we will tell you what strength of materials is, why you should choose this book, and how you can download it in PDF format.
What is Strength of Materials?
Strength of materials is a branch of engineering that deals with the behavior of solid objects under various types of loads, such as tension, compression, shear, bending, torsion, and buckling. It is also known as mechanics of materials or solid mechanics. The main objective of strength of materials is to analyze the stresses and strains in different parts of a structure or a machine, and to design them to withstand the applied forces without failure or excessive deformation.
strength of materials by s ramamrutham pdf download
Definition and Scope
According to Wikipedia, strength of materials is defined as:
"The field of strength of materials (also called mechanics of materials) typically refers to various methods of calculating the stresses and strains in structural members, such as beams, columns, and shafts. The methods employed to predict the response of a structure under loading and its susceptibility to various failure modes takes into account the properties of the materials such as its yield strength, ultimate strength, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio. In addition, the mechanical element's macroscopic properties (geometric properties) such as its length, width, thickness, boundary constraints and abrupt changes in geometry such as holes are considered."
The scope of strength of materials covers a wide range of topics, such as elasticity, plasticity, fracture mechanics, fatigue, creep, thermal stress, composite materials, thin-walled structures, plates and shells, beams on elastic foundations, stress concentration, and stress transformation.
Basic Concepts and Equations
Some of the basic concepts and equations that are used in strength of materials are:
Stress: It is the internal force per unit area that acts on a material when it is subjected to an external load. It can be normal (perpendicular to the cross-section) or shear (parallel to the cross-section). The unit of stress is N/m or Pa.
Strain: It is the measure of deformation or change in dimensions that occurs in a material due to stress. It can be normal (change in length per unit length) or shear (change in angle between two perpendicular lines). Strain is dimensionless.
Hooke's Law: It states that within the elastic limit (the range where the material returns to its original shape after unloading), the stress is proportional to the strain. The constant of proportionality is called the modulus of elasticity or Young's modulus (E). The equation is σ = Eε.
Poisson's Ratio: It is the ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain in a material when it is subjected to uniaxial stress. It indicates how much a material contracts or expands in the direction perpendicular to the applied load. The symbol for Poisson's ratio is ν.
Shear Modulus: It is the ratio of shear stress to shear strain within the elastic limit. It indicates how much a material resists shear deformation. The symbol for shear modulus is G. The equation is τ = Gγ.
Bulk Modulus: It is the ratio of volumetric stress to volumetric strain within the elastic limit. It indicates how much a material resists change in volume due to hydrostatic pressure. The symbol for bulk modulus is K. The equation is p = -Kεv.
Applications and Examples
Strength of materials is an essential subject for many engineering disciplines, such as civil, mechanical, aerospace, and biomedical engineering. It helps engineers to design and analyze various structures and machines, such as bridges, buildings, cranes, aircraft, cars, robots, prosthetics, and implants. Some examples of the applications of strength of materials are:
Beam Theory: It is a simplified method of calculating the bending stress and deflection of beams under various types of loading and support conditions. It is based on the assumptions that the beam is slender, homogeneous, isotropic, and elastic, and that the cross-section remains plane and normal to the longitudinal axis after bending.
Column Theory: It is a method of determining the critical load that causes a slender column to buckle under axial compression. It is based on the assumption that the column is straight, homogeneous, isotropic, and elastic, and that the buckling occurs in the plane of the smallest moment of inertia of the cross-section.
Torsion Theory: It is a method of calculating the shear stress and angle of twist of a circular shaft subjected to torque. It is based on the assumptions that the shaft is homogeneous, isotropic, and elastic, and that the cross-section remains circular and plane after twisting.
Thin-Walled Pressure Vessel Theory: It is a method of estimating the hoop stress and longitudinal stress in a thin-walled cylindrical or spherical vessel subjected to internal or external pressure. It is based on the assumptions that the wall thickness is small compared to the radius of curvature, and that the stress distribution is uniform across the wall thickness.
Why Choose Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham?
Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham is one of the best books on strength of materials for engineering students. It has been written by an experienced and renowned author who has taught the subject for many years at various institutions in India. Here are some of the reasons why you should choose this book:
Features and Benefits
Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham has many features and benefits that make it an ideal choice for learning and mastering the subject. Some of them are:
It covers all the topics in strength of materials in a systematic and logical manner, starting from the basic concepts and principles to the advanced topics and applications.
It provides clear and concise explanations with relevant examples and illustrations to enhance the understanding of the concepts and theories.
It contains numerous solved problems and exercises with varying levels of difficulty to test and improve the problem-solving skills of the students.
It includes tables, charts, graphs, diagrams, and formulas for quick reference and revision.
It follows the latest syllabus and examination pattern of various universities and competitive exams in India.
Contents and Coverage
Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham covers all the topics in strength of materials in 34 chapters. The contents and coverage of each chapter are as follows:
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Strength of materials by s ramamruth
Chapter No.TitleCoverage
1Simple Stresses And StrainsIntroduction, Types Of Loads And Stresses, Strain And Deformation Of Bars Under Axial Loading, Stress-Strain Diagrams For Different Materials, Hooke's Law And Modulus Of Elasticity, Poisson's Ratio And Modulus Of Rigidity, Relationship Between Elastic Constants, Thermal Stresses And Strains In Bars Of Uniform And Varying Sections.
2Elastic ConstantsDetermination Of Young's Modulus By Searle's Apparatus And By Flexure Method, Determination Of Rigidity Modulus By Torsion Pendulum And By Static Torsion Method, Determination Of Bulk Modulus By Boyle's Law Apparatus And By Uniform Compression Method.
3Principal Stresses And StrainsIntroduction To Biaxial And Triaxial Stresses And Strains, Plane Stress And Plane Strain Conditions, Principal Planes And Principal Stresses, Principal Strains And Principal Axes, Mohr's Circle Of Stress And Strain, Maximum Shear Stress And Strain, Strain Rosette And Strain Gauges.
4Strain Energy And Impact LoadingIntroduction To Strain Energy, Strain Energy Due To Axial Load, Shear Force, Bending Moment, Torsion, And Combined Stresses, Resilience And Proof Resilience, Impact Loading On Bars Of Different Sections And Materials, Gradual, Sudden, And Impact Loads.
5Centre Of Gravity And Moment Of InertiaIntroduction To Centre Of Gravity And Centroid, Centroid Of Lines, Areas, And Volumes, Centroid Of Composite Figures, Theorems Of Pappus And Guldinus, Introduction To Moment Of Inertia And Radius Of Gyration, Moment Of Inertia Of Plane Areas And Solid Bodies, Moment Of Inertia Of Composite Figures, Parallel Axis And Perpendicular Axis Theorems.
6Shear Force And Bending MomentIntroduction To Shear Force And Bending Moment In Beams, Types Of Beams, Loads, And Supports, Equilibrium Equations For Static Determinate Beams, Sign Conventions For Shear Force And Bending Moment, Relationship Between Load, Shear Force, And Bending Moment, Shear Force And Bending Moment Diagrams For Different Types Of Beams Under Various Loading Conditions.
7Bending Stresses In BeamsIntroduction To Bending Stresses In Beams, Theory Of Simple Bending Or Flexure, Assumptions And Limitations Of Simple Bending Theory, Bending Stress Equation And Bending Stress Distribution Across The Beam Section, Neutral Axis And Moment Of Resistance, Section Modulus And Design Of Beam Sections.
8Shear Stresses In BeamsIntroduction To Shear Stresses In Beams, Variation Of Shear Stress Across The Beam Section, Shear Stress Equation And Shear Stress Distribution For Rectangular, Circular, I-Section, T-Section, And Hollow Section Beams.
9Direct And Bending StressesIntroduction To Direct And Bending Stresses In Columns And Struts, Eccentric Loading On Short Columns With Different End Conditions, Core Or Kernel Of A Column Section, Middle Third Rule And Middle Quarter Rule.
10Dams And Retaining WallsIntroduction To Dams And Retaining Walls As Examples Of Direct And Bending Stresses In Structures, Analysis Of Forces Acting On A Gravity Dam And A Retaining Wall, Stability And Safety Criteria, Design Considerations And Dimensions.
11Analysis Of Perfect FramesIntroduction To Perfect Frames, Assumptions And Conditions For Perfect Frames, Types Of Frames And Loads, Methods Of Analysis Of Perfect Frames, Method Of Joints, Method Of Sections, Graphical Method Or Maxwell's Diagram.
12Deflection Of BeamsIntroduction To Deflection Of Beams, Sign Convention For Deflection And Slope, Differential Equation Of The Elastic Curve, Methods Of Determining The Deflection And Slope Of Beams, Double Integration Method, Macaulay's Method, Moment Area Method, Conjugate Beam Method, Superposition Method.
13Deflection Of CantileversIntroduction To Deflection Of Cantilevers, Deflection And Slope Of Cantilevers Under Various Loading Conditions, Use Of Standard Formulas And Tables.
14Deflection By Moment Area MethodIntroduction To Moment Area Method, Theorems Of Moment Area Method, Application Of Moment Area Method To Beams With Various Loading And Support Conditions.
15Deflection By Conjugate Beam MethodIntroduction To Conjugate Beam Method, Concept And Rules Of Conjugate Beam Method, Application Of Conjugate Beam Method To Beams With Various Loading And Support Conditions.
16Torsion Or Twisting MomentIntroduction To Torsion Or Twisting Moment In Shafts, Theory Of Pure Torsion, Assumptions And Limitations Of Pure Torsion Theory, Torsion Equation And Torsion Stress Distribution Across The Shaft Section, Polar Moment Of Inertia And Polar Modulus, Power Transmitted By A Shaft, Angle Of Twist And Stiffness Of A Shaft.
17SpringsIntroduction To Springs, Types Of Springs And Their Applications, Stresses And Strains In Springs, Stiffness And Deflection Of Springs, Springs In Series And Parallel, Helical Springs, Leaf Springs, Belleville Springs.
18Thin Cylinders And SpheresIntroduction To Thin Cylinders And Spheres, Assumptions And Conditions For Thin Cylinders And Spheres, Hoop Stress And Longitudinal Stress Due To Internal Or External Pressure, Volumetric Strain And Change In Dimensions, Thin Cylindrical And Spherical Shells Under Combined Loading.
19Thick Cylinders And SpheresIntroduction To Thick Cylinders And Spheres, Lame's Theory Of Thick Cylinders And Spheres, Variation Of Radial, Hoop, And Longitudinal Stresses Across The Thickness, Compound Cylinders And Spheres, Shrink Fit And Interference Fit.
20Bending Of Curved BarsIntroduction To Bending Of Curved Bars, Theory Of Bending Of Curved Bars, Assumptions And Limitations Of Bending Of Curved Bars Theory, Bending Stress Equation And Bending Stress Distribution For Circular Arcs, Crane Hooks, Chain Links, And Rings.
21Unsymmetrical BendingIntroduction To Unsymmetrical Bending Of Beams, Concept Of Principal Axes And Principal Moments Of Inertia, Determination Of Principal Axes By Trial And Error Method And By Calculus Method, Bending Stress Equation For Unsymmetrical Bending, Deflection Of Beams Under Unsymmetrical Bending.
22Shear CentreIntroduction To Shear Centre Or Centre Of Twist, Concept And Definition Of Shear Centre, Determination Of Shear Centre For Various Beam Sections By Equilibrium Method And By Area Moment Method.
23Slope And Deflection By Conjugate Beam MethodIntroduction To Slope And Deflection By Conjugate Beam Method, Concept And Rules Of Conjugate Beam Method For Determining The Slope And Deflection Of Beams With Various Loading And Support Conditions.
24Columns And StrutsIntroduction To Columns And Struts As Long Members Subjected To Axial Compression, Failure Modes And Buckling Load, Euler's Theory Of Long Columns, Assumptions And Limitations Of Euler's Theory, Euler's Critical Load Formula For Different End Conditions, Slenderness Ratio And Effective Length, Rankine's Formula And Empirical Constants, Johnson's Parabolic Formula And Perry's Formula.
25Combined Direct And Bending StressesIntroduction To Combined Direct And Bending Stresses In Columns And Struts, Core Or Kernel Of A Column Section, Middle Third Rule And Middle Quarter Rule, Eccentric Loading On Short Columns With Different End Conditions.
26Dams And Retaining WallsIntroduction To Dams And Retaining Walls As Examples Of Combined Direct And Bending Stresses In Structures, Analysis Of Forces Acting On A Gravity Dam And A Retaining Wall, Stability And Safety Criteria, Design Considerations And Dimensions.
27Fixed BeamsIntroduction To Fixed Beams, Types Of Fixed Beams And Loads, Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fixed Beams, Analysis Of Fixed Beams By Clapeyron's Theorem Of Three Moments, Shear Force And Bending Moment Diagrams For Fixed Beams Under Various Loading Conditions.
28Continuous BeamsIntroduction To Continuous Beams, Types Of Continuous Beams And Loads, Advantages And Disadvantages Of Continuous Beams, Analysis Of Continuous Beams By Clapeyron's Theorem Of Three Moments, Shear Force And Bending Moment Diagrams For Continuous Beams Under Various Loading Conditions.
29Bending Of Curved BarsIntroduction To Bending Of Curved Bars, Theory Of Bending Of Curved Bars, Assumptions And Limitations Of Bending Of Curved Bars Theory, Bending Stress Equation And Bending Stress Distribution For Circular Arcs, Crane Hooks, Chain Links, And Rings.
30Theories Of FailureIntroduction To Theories Of Failure, Criteria For Failure Of Materials Under Complex Stresses, Maximum Principal Stress Theory Or Rankine's Theory, Maximum Shear Stress Theory Or Guest's Theory Or Tresca's Theory, Maximum Normal Stress Theory Or Saint Venant's Theory, Maximum Strain Energy Theory Or Haigh's Theory, Maximum Shear Strain Energy Theory Or Von Mises' Theory, Comparison And Applications Of Different Theories Of Failure.
31Unsymmetrical Bending And Shear CentreIntroduction To Unsymmetrical Bending And Shear Centre, Concept Of Principal Axes And Principal Moments Of Inertia, Determination Of Principal Axes By Trial And Error Method And By Calculus Method, Bending Stress Equation For Unsymmetrical Bending, Deflection Of Beams Under Unsymmetrical Bending, Concept And Definition Of Shear Centre, Determination Of Shear Centre For Various Beam Sections By Equilibrium Method And By Area Moment Method.
32Thin PlatesIntroduction To Thin Plates, Assumptions And Conditions For Thin Plates, Types Of Loads And Supports On Thin Plates, Bending Of Thin Plates, Governing Differential Equation For Thin Plates, Boundary Conditions For Thin Plates, Solution Of Differential Equation For Rectangular Plates Under Various Loading And Support Conditions.
33Circular PlatesIntroduction To Circular Plates, Assumptions And Conditions For Circular Plates, Types Of Loads And Supports On Circular Plates, Bending Of Circular Plates, Governing Differential Equation For Circular Plates In Polar Coordinates, Boundary Conditions For Circular Plates, Solution Of Differential Equation For Circular Plates Under Various Loading And Support Conditions.
34Cylindrical ShellsIntroduction To Cylindrical Shells, Assumptions And Conditions For Cylindrical Shells, Types Of Loads And Supports On Cylindrical Shells, Stresses In Cylindrical Shells Due To Internal Or External Pressure, Stresses In Cylindrical Shells Due To Axial Force Or Bending Moment.
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Conclusion
In conclusion, Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham is a great book for engineering students who want to learn and master the subject of strength of materials. It covers all the topics in a clear and concise manner, with plenty of examples, problems, and illustrations. It is also available in PDF format for free download from various sources and links. However, you need to follow some steps and precautions to download the PDF book safely and legally. We hope that this article has helped you to understand what strength of materials is, why you should choose this book, and how you can download it in PDF format.
FAQs
Here are some of the frequently asked questions about Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham PDF:
What is the latest edition of Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham?
The latest edition of Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham is the 16th edition, which was published in 2019 by Dhanpat Rai Publications.
Is Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham suitable for beginners?
Yes, Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham is suitable for beginners as well as advanced learners. It starts from the basic concepts and principles and gradually progresses to the advanced topics and applications. It also provides a review of the necessary mathematics and physics in the appendices.
How can I buy a hard copy of Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham?
You can buy a hard copy of Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham from various online and offline stores, such as Amazon, Flipkart, Snapdeal, Book Depository, etc. The price may vary depending on the seller and delivery options.
Is there a solution manual for Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham?
No, there is no official solution manual for Strength of Materials by S Ramamrutham. However, you may find some unofficial solutions or hints for some problems on various websites or forums.
What are some other good books on strength of materials?
Some other good books on strength of materials are:
Mechanics Of Materials by R.C. Hibbeler
Mechanics Of Materials by B.C. Punmia, A.K. Jain, And A.K. Jain
Mechanics Of Materials by Gere And Timoshenko
Mechanics Of Materials by Beer And Johnston
Mechanics Of Materials by Egor P Popov
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